Interventions2 sources
Dietary Fiber Supplementation for CKD
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Search: “CKD”
Ranked matches across titles, topics, categories, and article introductions.
32 records in this view
Interventions0 sources
Plant-Based Diet for CKD
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Interventions0 sources
Probiotic Combination for CKD
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Clinical cautions2 sources
STOP: High-Protein or Ketogenic Diet for CKD
Warning: Clinical Disclaimer: This STOP page represents a hypothesis based on mechanistic evidence and should NOT replace clinical judgment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider before modifying any treatment plan. Evidence quality ratings reflect the str…
Clinical cautions2 sources
STOP: Iron-Based Phosphate Binders in CKD Without Microbiome Monitoring
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Clinical cautions1 sources
STOP: Neglecting Constipation Management in CKD
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Mechanisms3 sources
Alpha-Klotho
An anti-aging protein that has emerged as a critical mediator between heavy metal exposure and chronic kidney disease progression. Originally discovered as a gene whose mutation caused premature aging in mice, alpha-klotho is now understood to be a multifunctional prote…
Diseases18 sources
Chronic Kidney Disease
A progressive loss of kidney function affecting approximately 850 million people worldwide (10–14% of adults), causing 1.2 million deaths annually. CKD is unique among diseases in this wiki because it occupies both sides of the metal-disease equation: heavy metals (Cd, …
Microorganisms12 sources
Citrobacter
Citrobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family, named for its ability to utilize citrate as a sole carbon source. Species include C. freundii, C. koseri, and C. rodentium (a mouse model for EHEC infection). In …
Microorganisms5 sources
Desulfovibrionales
An order of Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) within the class Deltaproteobacteria. The defining metabolic feature of Desulfovibrionales is dissimilatory sulfate reduction -- using sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor and producing hyd…
Diseases3 sources
Diabetic Kidney Disease
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Analyses31 sources
Dietary Metal Paradoxes: When Healthy Foods and Good Intentions Backfire
This page identifies the contradictions and clinical dilemmas that become visible only when the 236 source pages in this wiki are read together. Each paradox describes a situation where evidence-based dietary or supplementation advice -- advice that is correct for most …
Microorganisms7 sources
Flavonifractor
A Gram-positive obligate anaerobe in the family Ruminococcaceae (Clostridium cluster IV) whose defining metabolic activity is the degradation of dietary flavonoids — the very polyphenols that serve as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial agents. When Flavon…
Microorganisms8 sources
Fusobacteriales
An order of Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria within the phylum Fusobacteriota (formerly Fusobacteria). This order-level page covers the broader taxonomic group that includes the well-characterized genus fusobacterium and its key species fusobacterium nucleatum…
Host defenses10 sources
Glutathione (GSH)
The most abundant intracellular thiol and the master antioxidant of mammalian cells. Glutathione is a tripeptide (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine) whose sulfhydryl (-SH) group makes it both a critical antioxidant and a primary target for heavy metal binding. GSH deplet…
Mechanisms8 sources
Gut-Kidney Axis
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Mechanisms6 sources
Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S)
This knowledge-base record is being expanded from WikiBiome’s evidence graph.
Mechanisms6 sources
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism is the overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH), a master regulator of calcium homeostasis. While primary hyperparathyroidism (from parathyroid adenoma) is well described, the WikiBiome framework highlights secondary hyperparathyroidism -- the com…
Diseases8 sources
Hypertension
Sustained elevation of systemic blood pressure, affecting an estimated 1.3 billion adults worldwide and the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, and chronic kidney disease. The gut microbiome-blood pressure axis has emerged as a major resea…
Mechanisms8 sources
Indoxyl Sulfate
Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a protein-bound uremic toxin produced through a two-step process: gut bacteria convert dietary tryptophan to indole, which is then absorbed and sulfated by hepatic sulfotransferases (SULT1A1). IS exemplifies how dysbiosis-driven metabolite overpr…
Mechanisms13 sources
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Interleukin-6 is a pleiotropic cytokine that sits at the crossroads of innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and metabolism. It is one of the most frequently elevated inflammatory mediators across conditions in this wiki — appearing in disease signatures spanning IBD, aut…
Microorganisms7 sources
Klebsiella
Klebsiella is a genus of Gram-negative, encapsulated, facultatively anaerobic bacteria in the Enterobacteriaceae family. With 141 file mentions across the vault, Klebsiella is one of the most frequently referenced opportunistic pathogens. The dominant species is klebsie…
Microorganisms12 sources
Lachnospira
Lachnospira is a genus of Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic bacteria within the lachnospiraceae family (Firmicutes phylum). L. pectinoschiza, the type species, is a specialist pectin fermenter that produces short chain fatty acids from plant-derived polysaccharides. The…
Microorganisms6 sources
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the most widely used probiotic species, with clinical trial evidence spanning multiple conditions. It is a component of many multi-strain probiotic formulations and has been tested in RCTs for schizophrenia, breast cancer chemotherapy…
Mechanisms3 sources
Oxalate
Oxalate (oxalic acid) is a dietary compound (spinach, rhubarb, nuts, chocolate) and endogenous metabolic end-product that forms insoluble calcium oxalate crystals — the primary component of ~80% of kidney stones. The gut microbiome is the primary route of oxalate degrad…
Other0 sources
Oxalobacter
--- title: Oxalobacter type: entity subtype: microbe created: 2026-04-10 updated: 2026-04-16 lastsubstantiveupdate: 2026-04-16 sources: [duan-2020-gut-microbiota-heavy-metal-probiotic-strategy, zhang-2022-causal-gut-microbiome-cvd-mr, dai-2024-gut-microbiota-cvd-bidirec…
Mechanisms5 sources
p-Cresol
A microbial metabolite produced by gut bacteria through tyrosine fermentation that has emerged as one of the most consistent biomarkers linking gut dysbiosis to neurological and renal disease. p-Cresol (4-methylphenol) is a simple aromatic compound, but its effects are …
Microorganisms9 sources
Ralstonia
Ralstonia is a genus of Gram-negative, aerobic bacteria in the class Betaproteobacteria. While Wikipedia focuses on R. solanacearum (a plant pathogen), the WikiBiome-relevant species are R. pickettii and R. metallidurans (now Cupriavidus metallidurans) — organisms with …
Microorganisms11 sources
Saccharomyces boulardii
See also: saccharomyces (genus page) Saccharomyces boulardii is a non-pathogenic yeast strain used as a probiotic across a wide range of gastrointestinal and inflammatory conditions. Taxonomically a strain of S. cerevisiae, it is phenotypically distinct — optimally acti…
Microorganisms5 sources
Senegalimassilia
A Gram-positive, obligate anaerobic genus within the phylum Actinobacteria (family Coriobacteriaceae) that has emerged as one of the most frequently identified taxa in Mendelian randomization studies across disparate conditions -- erectile dysfunction, chronic kidney di…
Metals8 sources
Thallium
One of the most toxic metals known to biology, thallium earns its reputation through a deceptively simple trick: it masquerades as potassium. With an ionic radius (1.50 A) nearly identical to K+ (1.38 A) and a +1 charge, thallium enters cells through potassium channels …
Analyses0 sources
The Nickel Restriction / Commensal Casualty
Restricting dietary nickel has clear benefits for nickel-sensitive individuals: it resolves SNAS symptoms, improves Ni ACM, and even enhances H. pylori eradication. Campanale et al. (2014) found that adding a nickel-free diet to standard triple therapy increased H. pylo…