Mechanisms4 sources
Bacteremia
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Search: “translocation”
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B
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Mechanisms10 sources
Gut Barrier Dysfunction
Gut barrier dysfunction -- colloquially "leaky gut" -- is the pathological increase in intestinal permeability that permits translocation of bacteria, bacterial products (LPS, peptidoglycan), metals, and dietary antigens from the gut lumen into the systemic circulation.…
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Mechanisms4 sources
Hydrogenase
[NiFe] hydrogenases are the second major nickel-dependent virulence factor class in human pathogens. Less widespread than urease but critical for energy metabolism in gastric, enteric, and intracellular pathogens. The discovery that H. pylori hydrogenase powers CagA tra…
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Mechanisms8 sources
Intestinal Permeability
The intestinal epithelium is a single-cell-thick barrier separating the lumen -- home to trillions of microbes and ingested metals -- from the systemic circulation. When this barrier fails, the consequences cascade: microbial products translocate, metals gain unrestrict…
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Mechanisms10 sources
Microglia
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, constituting 5-12% of all brain cells. They function as the brain's surveillance and defense system -- scanning for damage, clearing debris, pruning synapses during development, and mounting inflamma…
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Mechanisms9 sources
Neuroinflammation
Chronic inflammatory activation within the central nervous system, driven by microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrating peripheral immune cells. Neuroinflammation is a convergent pathological mechanism across alzheimers disease, parkinsons disease, multiple sclerosis, and …