WikiBiomeThe human microbiome encyclopediaRanked matches across titles, topics, categories, and article introductions.
An essential trace element with a striking dual nature: required for survival as a cofactor for critical enzymes (SOD1, cytochrome c oxidase, ceruloplasmin), yet toxic in excess through Fenton-like redox cycling and mis metallation of iron-sulfur clusters. Copper is ele…
A Gram-negative bacterium that spans the commensal-pathogen spectrum, with pathogenic variants (UPEC, STEC, EHEC) deploying nickel-dependent enzymes as virulence factors. E. coli is the model organism for nickel transport biology -- the NikABCDE system was first charact…
Alphabetical definitions of specialist terms used throughout this wiki. Where a full concept page exists, the term links to it. --- AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) -- A ligand-activated transcription factor that senses microbial metabolites (especially indoles from tryp…
A Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen and member of the ESKAPE group of antibiotic-resistant priority pathogens. K. pneumoniae deploys multiple nickel-dependent enzymes for virulence and relies on the dual-function metallophore yersiniabactin for both iron and nickel s…
Siderophores and metallophores are small-molecule chelators secreted by pathogens to scavenge metals from the metal-scarce host environment. They represent the extracellular arm of pathogen metal acquisition -- how pathogens reach out into the surrounding milieu to capt…
The causative agent of plague -- one of the most devastating infectious diseases in human history and a modern bioterrorism concern (Tier 1 Select Agent). Y. pestis depends on nickel for glyoxalase I-mediated metabolic detoxification and produces the archetypal dual-fun…