Gemella is a genus of Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic cocci that are normal commensals of the oral cavity. Species include G. morbillorum, G. haemolysans, and G. sanguinis. In the WikiBiome context, Gemella is notable for its oral-gut translocation pattern — an oral commensal that appears in gut and tumor microbiome studies, suggesting translocation as a marker of barrier disruption.
Oral-Gut Translocation
- Enriched in colorectal cancer tumor microbiome, consistent with oral bacteria translocating to the colon — a pattern shared with fusobacterium nucleatum and peptostreptococcus stomatis suga 2022 gut microbiota sided crc colectomy hou 2022 gut microbiota immune immunotherapy crc.
- Part of the oral microbiota altered in H. pylori-associated reflux esophagitis liang 2021 hpylori oral microbiota reflux esophagitis.
Other Associations
- ASD: Depleted in gut microbiota of young ASD children coretti 2018 gut microbiota young asd children.
- Endometriosis: Part of vaginal/cervical microbiome shifts shen 2022 vaginal microecological characteristics endometriosis ata 2019 endobiota study vaginal cervical gut microbiota endometriosis.
- Genital tract: Abundance modulated by mucosal lactoferrin levels roberts 2019 mucosal lactoferrin genital infections iron.
Cross-References
- fusobacterium nucleatum — shares oral-gut translocation pattern in CRC
- colorectal cancer — tumor microbiome enrichment
- lactoferrin — mucosal iron modulates colonization