**Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis* (commonly called B. infantis*) is the premier human milk oligosaccharide (HMO)-utilizing bacterium and the dominant species in the breastfed infant gut. It drives immune maturation, Treg induction, and pathogen exclusion in early life.
Clinical Evidence
- Thyroidectomy: RCT showing probiotic (including B. infantis) reduces oral-gut dysbiosis post-thyroidectomy lin 2022 probiotics thyroidectomy oral gut dysbiosis rct.
- Hypothyroidism: Component of probiotic formulation tested alongside levothyroxine spaggiari 2017 probiotics hypothyroid levothyroxine rct.
- T2D/testosterone: Part of multi-strain probiotic in case report griffith 2026 lifestyle probiotic t2d testosterone case report.
- GDM: Depleted in gestational diabetes wei 2022 16s rrna gut microbiota gestational diabetes.
- Ovarian cancer: Microbiome context asangba 2023 microbiome ovarian cancer diagnostic prognostic.
Cross-References
- bifidobacterium — genus page
- bifidobacteriaceae — family context