Supersession Compliance Audit — 2026 04 18

Summary

  • Entity/concept pages scanned: ~389 (all with ≥2 sources)
  • Paragraphs with contradiction language: 30
  • Genuine supersessions applied: 2
  • Biological complexity (not supersession cases): 28
  • Both source summary pages updated: Yes (4 source pages annotated)

Supersessions Applied

1. Copper in Rheumatoid Arthritis — wiki/entities/copper.md

Conflict: Cu direction in RA serum

  • Earlier work: [1] (2016, cross-sectional, n=122, Taiwan) — Cu elevated in RA, correlated with ESR
  • Superseding: [2] (2023, case-control, n≈99, Pakistan) — Cu significantly lower in RA (P=0.04)

Evidence hierarchy: case-control > cross-sectional → arshad-2023 takes primary position.

Action: Rewrote RA section to lead with arshad-2023 finding; annotated yang-2016 as earlier cross-sectional work with geographic exposure differences. Updated both source summary pages with explicit conflict notes.

2. Copper in Autism Spectrum Disorder — wiki/entities/autism-spectrum-disorder.md

Conflict: Cu level in ASD

  • Earlier work: [3] (cross-sectional, n=181, hair biomarker) — Cu elevated, severity-correlated
  • Superseding: [4] (systematic-review-meta-analysis, 4 studies, N=577, blood/serum) — No significant Cu difference (P=0.726)

Evidence hierarchy: systematic-review-meta-analysis > cross-sectional → lin-2024 null finding takes primary position.

Action: Rewrote Cu subsection to lead with meta-analytic null; annotated zhou-2025 as single-region study with different biomarker matrix. Updated both source summary pages.

Verified as Non-Supersession Cases

The remaining 28 contradiction-flagged paragraphs were reviewed and determined to be:

  • Biological complexity (different strains, tissues, or conditions showing different patterns) — 18 cases
  • Biomarker matrix differences (hair vs blood vs tissue — genuinely different measurements) — 5 cases
  • Already properly annotated (existing supersession annotations in place) — 3 cases
  • Uncertainty properly represented (page correctly notes inconclusive evidence) — 2 cases

No further action required.

References (4)

  1. Yang TH, Yuan TH, Hwang YH et al. (2016). Increased inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis patients living where farm soils contain high levels of copper. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association. doi:10.1016/j.neuro.2023.04.013
  2. Arshad M, Riaz N, Bashir R et al. (2023). Role of Some Heavy Metals in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7
  3. Min Zhou, Baoming Niu, Jiarui Ma et al. (2025). Zhou 2025 -- Intervention and Research Progress of Gut Microbiota-Immune-Nervous System in Autism Spectrum Disorders Among Students. Frontiers in Microbiology. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2025.1535455
  4. Ping Lin, Qianwen Zhang, Junyu Sun et al. (2024). A comparison between children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and healthy controls in biomedical factors, trace elements, and microbiota biomarkers: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychiatry